Bismuth is a chemical element with the symbol Bi and atomic number 83. It is a post-transition metal noted for its low thermal conductivity, high density, and diamagnetic properties. Bismuth is used in fire detection and suppression systems, medical pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and as a replacement for lead in various applications due to its lower toxicity.

Economic and Industrial Properties

• Low Toxicity: Safer alternative to lead in alloys and pharmaceuticals.
• High Density: Useful in radiation shielding and fire detectors.
• Unique Crystal Structures: Popular for decorative and scientific uses.
• Chemical Stability: Resistant to oxidation and corrosion.
• Wide Applications: Cosmetics, metallurgy, electronics, and medicine.