Hafnium is a chemical element with the symbol Hf and atomic number 72. It is a transition metal closely related to zirconium and is often found in zirconium minerals. Due to its excellent thermal and corrosion resistance, hafnium is widely used in control rods of nuclear reactors, superalloys for aerospace engines, and microprocessors. Its ability to absorb neutrons without forming long-lived radioactive isotopes makes it highly valuable in atomic energy applications.

Economic and Industrial Properties

• Nuclear Applications: Key material for control rods in nuclear reactors.
• Heat Resistance: Maintains structural integrity at high temperatures.
• Corrosion Resistance: Highly resistant to acids, alkalis, and seawater.
• Alloy Enhancer: Used in superalloys to improve strength and oxidation resistance.
• Semiconductor Use: Applied in high-k dielectrics for advanced microelectronics.