Iridium (Ir), atomic number 77, is a member of the platinum group metals. It is a silvery-white, hard, and brittle metal known for its remarkable corrosion resistance, even at temperatures up to 2,000°C. Discovered in 1803 by Smithson Tennant, iridium's name is derived from the Greek word 'iris,' meaning rainbow, due to the vibrant colors of its compounds.

Economic and Industrial Properties

• High Melting Point: With a melting point of 2,446°C, iridium maintains its integrity under extreme heat conditions.
• Corrosion Resistance: It is the most corrosion-resistant metal known, unaffected by air, water, and most acids.
• Density: Iridium is the second-densest naturally occurring metal, with a density of 22.56 g/cm³.
• Electrical Conductivity: Exhibits excellent electrical conductivity, making it ideal for electronic applications.

Applications

• Aerospace Industry: Used in spark plugs and other components requiring high durability and resistance to extreme conditions.
• Electronics: Essential in the production of crucibles for semiconductor manufacturing and in the fabrication of OLED displays.
• Medical Devices: Utilized in radiation therapy equipment and in the production of medical imaging devices.
• Catalysis: Serves as a catalyst in various chemical reactions, including those in the chlor-alkali process.
• Scientific Instruments: Employed in high-precision instruments and equipment due to its stability and resistance to corrosion.